The Comparative Analysis of Item-Based Collaborative Filtering and Alternating Least Squares on Implicit Feedback Recommender Systems

Authors

  • Dolok Butarbutar IT Del
  • Brain Sitorus
  • Krisnia Siahaan
  • Bryan Simamora
  • Nikita Simanjuntak

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54074/jicsa.v1i02.21

Keywords:

Recommender System, Implicit Feedback, Collaborative Filtering, Alternating Least Squares, MAP@10

Abstract

This study addresses the challenge of predicting user preferences using implicit feedback data. We compared Popularity-Based and Item-Based Collaborative Filtering (IBCF) baselines against the Alternating Least Squares (ALS) method, evaluating performance via Mean Average Precision at 10 (MAP@10). Results show that ALS- Tuned achieved the highest score (MAP@10 = 0.012788), showing best performance compared to the baseline model. This indicates that hyperparameter tuning affects the most in model performance.

References

[1] M. Tripathi, “Recommender Systems for Implicit Feedback Datasets : Collaborative Filtering with Spark,” vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 52–73, 2025.

[2] J. Munson, B. Cummins, and D. Zosso, An introduction to collaborative filtering through the lens of the Netflix Prize, vol. 67, no. 4. Springer London, 2025. doi: 10.1007/s10115-024-02315-z.

[3] D. Xue, “Core-elements Subsampling for Alternating Least Squares,” pp. 1–34.

[4] G. Pal, “An efficient system using implicit feedback and lifelong learning approach to improve recommendation,” J. Supercomput., vol. 78, no. 14, pp. 16394–16424, 2022, doi: 10.1007/s11227-022-04484-6.

[5] H. Li, S. Wu, R. Wang, W. Hu, and H. Li, “Modeling and application of implicit feedback in personalized recommender systems,” vol. 33, no. February, pp. 1185–1206, 2025, doi: 10.3934/era.2025053.

[6] Z. Zhang et al., “Scholarly recommendation systems: a literature survey,” Knowl. Inf. Syst., vol. 65, no. 11, pp. 4433–4478, 2023, doi: 10.1007/s10115-023-01901-x.

[7] H. I. Abdalla, A. A. Amer, Y. A. Amer, L. Nguyen, and B. Al, “Boosting the Item ‑ Based Collaborative Filtering Model with Novel Similarity Measures,” Int. J. Comput. Intell. Syst., vol. 2, pp. 1–16, 2023, doi: 10.1007/s44196-023-00299-2.

[8] I. Maula, A. Tholib, and M. N. F. Hidayat, “Faktorisasi matriks menggunakan stochastic gradient descent untuk optimasi sistem rekomendasi hotel”.

[9] S. Rendle, “Item Recommendation from Implicit Feedback arXiv : 2101 . 08769v1 [ cs . IR ] 21 Jan 2021,” pp. 1–28.

[10] K. Raja, K. Bhaskar, and D. Kundur, “Implicit Feedback Deep Collaborative Filtering Product Recommendation System,” pp. 1–10.

[11] Y. Li, X. He, and D. Jin, “Improving Implicit Recommender Systems with Auxiliary Data Improving Implicit Recommender Systems,” vol. 38, no. 1, 2025, doi: 10.1145/3372338.

[12] P. Melville, V. Sindhwani, and Y. Heights, “Recommender Systems,” pp. 1–21.

[13] C. Hu, “Learning to Infer User Implicit Preference in Conversational Recommendation,” pp. 256–266, 2022.

[14] R. R. Mahendra, F. T. Anggraeny, and H. E. Wahanani, “Implementasi Item-Based Collaborative Filtering Untuk Rekomendasi Film,” no. 3, 2024.

[15] M. Fajriansyah, P. P. Adikara, and A. W. Widodo, “Sistem Rekomendasi Film Menggunakan Content Based Filtering,” vol. 5, no. 6, 2021.

[16] “for Enhanced Item Recommendation Capturing Popularity Trends : A Simplistic Non-Personalized Approach for Enhanced Item Recommendation,” no. October 2023, 2025, doi: 10.1145/3583780.3614801.

[17] Y. Koren, “MATRIX FACTORIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR RECOMMENDER SYSTEMS”.

[18] J. Jing, “Capturing Popularity Trends : A Simplistic Non-Personalized Approach for Enhanced Item Recommendation,” pp. 1014–1024, doi: 10.1145/3583780.3614801.

[19] Y. Puteri, P. Sari, E. Seniwati, and B. Rahman, “Metode Item-Based Collaborative Filtering untuk Rekomendasi Produk Skincare,” pp. 93–104, 2025.

[20] L. Minto and B. Livshits, Stronger Privacy for Federated Collaborative Filtering With Implicit Feedback, vol. 1, no. 1. Association for Computing Machinery, 2021. doi: 10.1145/3460231.3474262.

[21] Z. Ye, G. Peyr, D. Cremers, and P. Ablin, “Enhancing Hypergradients Estimation : A Study of Preconditioning and Reparameterization,” no. 1, 2022.

Downloads

Published

2026-04-20

Issue

Section

Articles